The research, published in The Hindu, found that 2024's extreme rainfall differed from past El Niño years. Rather than the Pacific Ocean warming alone, 2024 brought simultaneous warming in the Atlantic and Indian Oceans on top of a warmer atmosphere overall, a combination that drove extreme rainfall across multiple continents at once. Climate models cited in the study suggest this three-ocean warming pattern could become typical within the next few decades if current warming trends continue.

Separate research explained a mechanism linking high blood pressure to worse osteoarthritis. The studies found that high blood pressure raises levels of the hormone vasopressin, while aging causes cartilage cells in joints to grow receptors for that hormone. When elevated vasopressin reaches those receptors, it triggers the breakdown of cartilage. Researchers found that blocking the vasopressin receptors with specific drugs halted the cartilage damage, pointing to a potential treatment target for osteoarthritis in patients with hypertension.

In mathematics, researchers reported that an artificial intelligence tool called AlphaProof Nexus solved nine open problems originally posed by mathematician Paul Erdős, two of which had gone unsolved for 56 years. The tool pairs large language models with the Lean proof-checking system to generate and verify mathematical arguments without human intervention. Beyond the Erdős problems, AlphaProof Nexus proved 44 open conjectures and produced an advance in optimization theory.